Present Perfect (3)

1.- We use Just with the Present Perfect to talk about things that happened a short time before now:

Have + just + Past Participle

It has just finished

Could I speak to Jane, please? - I'm afraid
She has just left.
(= She left a short time ago)

Is that a good book? - I've just started it
(= I started it a short time before now.)


2.- Look at this example with already:

Do you want something to eat? - No thanks, I've already eaten

(= I ate before now.)

We use already with the Present Perfect to emphasize that something happened before
now, or before it was expected to happen. we use already like this:

Have + already + Past Participle
I've already heard that story.

Here is another example:

Nicola: Is Sarah going to phone you later?
Robert: No. She's (= She has) already phoned me.
(= Sarah phoned before Nicola expected her to phone.)


3.- We use yet with a negative verb to say that something has not happened, but we think that it will happen:

I haven't escaped yet.

The post hasn't arrived yet.
(= The post has not arrived, but it probably will arrive.)

I haven't finished this work yet.
(= I haven't finished this work, but I will finish it.)

They haven't replied to my letter yet.


We use yet in questions to ask whether something that we expect to happen has happened:

Have you paid the bill yet?
(= Perhaps you have not paid the bill, but you are going to pay it soon.)

Has it stopped raining yet?
(= Perhaps is has not stopped raining, but it will stop raining soon.)

Have you found a job yet?

Notice that we usually put yet at the end of a negative statement or question:

They haven't replied to my letter yet. Have you found a job yet?

Present Perfect (2)

1.- We use the Present Perfect to talk about something that happened in the past, but we do not say exactly when it happened:

I've seen this film before (before = now)

We often use the Present Perfect in this way for things that happened in the past, and that have a result now:

I've seen this film before. I don't want to see it again now.
She's left the company. she doesn't work there now.


We often use the Present Perfect with ever ( = at any time) and never ( at no time):

Have you ever met a famous person?
He has never worked in a factory.


2.- We can use the Present Perfect with for and since , to talk about situations
or actions in a period of time from the past until now. We use for with a period of time (e.g three months), and since with a point in time (e.g tuesday):

past -------------------------------------> now
for six months

We've lived here for six months.

past Monday Tuesday Wednesday now

-----------------------> now

I haven't seen Tom since Tuesday.

3.- Gone and Been

Look at the difference between these two sentences:

He's been to Paris ( = He is now at home again.)
He's gone to Paris ( = He is in Paris now.)

He's been means "he has finished his trip".
He's gone means " he has begun his trip".

"Something Stupid"

I know I stand in line

Until you think you have the time
To spend an evening with me
And if we go someplace to dance
I know that there's a chance
You won't be leaving with me

Then afterwards we drop into a quiet little place
And have a drink or two
And then I go and spoil it all
By saying something stupid
Like I love you

I can see it in your eyes
You still despise the same old lines
You heard the night before
And though it's just a line to you
For me it's true
And never seemed so right before

I practice every day to find some clever
lines to say
To make the meaning come true
But then I think I'll wait until the evening
gets late
And I'm alone with you

The time is right
Your perfume fills my head
The stars get red
And oh the night's so blue
And then I go and spoil it all
By saying something stupid
Like I love you
I love you...

Present Perfect 1

1.-we form the Present Perfect using the present tense of have + a participle:

Positive

Full Form

I/you have arrived
He/she/it has arrived
we/you/they have arrived

Short Form

I've arrived
he's arrived
we've arrived


Negative

Full Form

I/you have not arrived
he/she/it has not arrived
we/you/they have not arrived

Short Form

I /you haven't
she/he/it hasn't
we/you/they haven't

Questionns

Have I/you arrived?
Has he/she/it arrived?
Have we/you/they arrived?


2.-Regular past participles ending ed or d:

Many past participles are irregular:

Buy ---> bought go ---> gone
make ---> made

3.- we use the Present Perfect:


---> to talk about recent actions:


At 18.00, Anne arrived home
At 18.01, we can say:

Anne has arrived home.



From 18.30 to 19.00. Anne ate her dinner.
At 19.01, we can say:

She's eaten her dinner

---> to talk about our lives:


I've sailed across the atlantic.



I've seen gorillaz in Africa.
I haven't danced the Flamenco.




4.- when we ask people about their lives, we often use ever ( = at the time):

Have you ever been to Australia?

When people talk about their lives, they sometimes use never ( = not at any time):

I've never learnt French.


Note: that ever and never come before the past participle

Past Simple or Past Continuous

1.- Compare the Past Simple and the Past Continuous:


Past simple

He talked to her last week.
I didn't talk to her yesterday.
Did you talk to your sister?

2.- we use the Past Simple to talk about a complete action even in the past:


Last Saturday morning. Paul played football in the park.

Paul played football

Here are some more examples:

On Sunday I made a cake.
It rained a lot on Saturday morning.

Past Continuous

He was talking to her when I saw him.
I wasn't talking to anyone, I was watching the tv.
Were you talking to her before I came?

We use the Past Continuous to talk about an action that was in progress, when something else
happened:

Last Saturday, Paul was playing football in the park when he saw Jane

Paul was playing football
He saw Jane.

Here are some more examples:

The phone rang while I was making a cake.
It was raining when we left home.

In a story we often use the Past Continuousto say what was in progress, when something
happened:


The sun was shining. People were sitting under the trees or walking around the park.
Suddenly a car drove into the park ...........

Past Continuous

- We form the Past Continuous like this:


Positive

I/he/she/it ---> was
----> waiting
You/we/they ---> were


Negative Full Form

I/he/she/he/it ---> was not waiting
You/we/they ---> were not waiting
Short Form
I/he/she/it ---> wasn't waiting
You/we/they ---> weren't waiting

Questions

Was I/he/she/it
----> waiting?
Were You/we/they

2.- Look at this example: A: What were you doing at seven o' clock last night?
B: I was driving h
ome from work
Driving
-------------------->

6.30 7.00 7.15


I was living in Japan in 2001. ( I lived there from 1999 to 2003)


We use the Past Continuous for an action or situation that was in progress at a particular time
in the past ( e.g. at seven p.m., in 2001).

3.- Now look at this:

When Mary arrived, we were having dinner.

We use the Past Simple (arrived) for a completed action. We use Past Continuous
( were having) for an action in progress in the past.

4.- We can use when/while before the Past Continuous:

I met her when/while we were working for the same company. (when = during the time)

We can only use when ( not while) before the Past Simple:

When I met her, we were working for the same company. (when = at the time)



These songs were dedicated for my friend Mariano

Past Simple

1.- We form the past Simple of regular verbs by adding -ed to the verb:


walk ---> walked watch ---> watched
open ---> opened ask -----> asked

There are some exceptions:

----> verbs endiong with -e:

+d live ---> lived like ---> liked

----> verbs ending with a consonant and -y:

+ y ---> -ied apply ----> applied
try ------> tried

----> most verbs ending with one vowel and one consonant:

+p --->pped stop ----> stopped
plan ----> planned

2.- Many verbs have an irregular Past Simple form:

do --> did have --> had
take --> took buy --> bought
come --> came stand --> stood
find --> found ring ----> rang
go --> went say ----> said

3.- We form the negative with didn't and the infinitive (e.g. do, take, underestand):

I didn't understand. (Not didn't understood)

We form questions with did and the infinitive (e.g. watch):

Did you watch the film?

4.- We use the Present Simple to talk about an action or situation in the past which is finished. We often say when it happened (e.g. yesterday, last night):

Chris phoned me yesterday. He wanted to ask me something
Did you enjoy the concert last night?

5.- We can use the Past Simple with for to talk about something that continued for a period of time , ended in the past:

I lived in Rome for two years. Then I went to work in Japan.

past ---------------------> now

for 2 years



"The Reason"

I'm not a perfect person
There's many things I wish I didn't do
But I continue learning
I never meant to do those things to you
And so I have to say before I go
That I just want you to know

I've found out a reason for me
To change who I used to be
A reason to start over new
and the reason is you

I'm sorry that I hurt you
It's something I must live with everyday
And all the pain I put you through
I wish that I could take it all away
And be the one who catches all your tears
Thats why i need you to hear

I've found out a reason for me
To change who I used to be
A reason to start over new
and the reason is You

and the reason is You [x3]

I'm not a perfect person
I never meant to do those things to you
And so I have to say before I go
That I just want you to know

I've found out a reason for me
To change who I used to be
A reason to start over new
and the reason is you

I've found a reason to show
A side of me you didn't know
A reason for all that I do
And the reason is you

Be: Past Simple

1.- We form de the Past Simple of be like this:

Positive

Singular

I was
you were
he/she/it was

Plural

we/you/they were


Negative


Full form

Singular

I was not
you were not
he/she/it was not

Plural

we/you/ they were not

Short form

Singular

I wasn't
you weren't
he/she/it wasn't

Plural

we/you/they weren't.

Questions

Singular

Was I
Were you ---------------> right?
Was he/she /it

Plural

Were we/you/they -----> right?


Here are some examples with was and were:

I was in New York last week.
we were at home yesterday evening.
they weren't late this morning
Was it a good film?


2.- Look at these examples of how we use the Past Simple of be:


----> was/were + facts about the past:

John F. Kennedy was an American president.

Our first house was in the centre of town.

A: Were your answer correct?
B: No, they were all wrong!
Paula wasn't at the party.


----> was/were + place and time


+ Place + Time

We were in Spain in June.
She wasn't at home last night.

George and Joanna weren't in London at the weekend. They were in Brighton Steve and
Mary were here at six o' clock.


----> was/were + adjective (e.g. cold, tired):

It was cold yesterday
They were tired after the journey
The train was late again this morning


A: Were your exams easy?
B: The first exam was easy, but the second one wasn't.